1 Samuel 15:9

Authorized King James Version

But Saul and the people spared Agag, and the best of the sheep, and of the oxen, and of the fatlings, and the lambs, and all that was good, and would not utterly destroy them: but every thing that was vile and refuse, that they destroyed utterly.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיַּחְמֹל֩
spared
to commiserate; by implication, to spare
#2
שָׁא֨וּל
But Saul
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
#3
וְהָעָ֜ם
and the people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#4
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#5
אֲגָ֗ג
H90
Agag
agag, a title of amalekitish kings
#6
וְעַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#7
מֵיטַ֣ב
and the best
the best part
#8
הַצֹּאן֩
of the sheep
a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats); also figuratively (of men)
#9
וְהַבָּקָ֨ר
and of the oxen
a beeve or an animal of the ox family of either gender (as used for plowing); collectively, a herd
#10
וְהַמִּשְׁנִ֤ים
and of the fatlings
properly, a repetition, i.e., a duplicate (copy of a document), or a double (in amount); by implication, a second (in order, rank, age, quality or loc
#11
וְעַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#12
הַכָּרִים֙
and the lambs
a ram (as full-grown and fat), including a battering-ram (as butting)
#13
וְעַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#14
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#15
הַטּ֔וֹב
and all that was good
good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good
#16
וְלֹ֥א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#17
אָב֖וּ
H14
and would
to breathe after, i.e., (figuratively) to be acquiescent
#18
הֶֽחֱרִֽימוּ׃
not utterly destroy
to seclude; specifically (by a ban) to devote to religious uses (especially destruction); physical and reflexive, to be blunt as to the nose
#19
וְכָל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#20
הַמְּלָאכָ֛ה
them but every thing
properly, deputyship, i.e., ministry; generally, employment (never servile) or work (abstractly or concretely); also property (as the result of labor)
#21
נְמִבְזָ֥ה
that was vile
despised
#22
וְנָמֵ֖ס
and refuse
to liquefy; figuratively, to waste (with disease), to faint (with fatigue, fear or grief)
#23
אֹתָ֥הּ
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#24
הֶֽחֱרִֽימוּ׃
not utterly destroy
to seclude; specifically (by a ban) to devote to religious uses (especially destruction); physical and reflexive, to be blunt as to the nose

Analysis

Within the broader context of 1 Samuel, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of covenant community connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about covenant community, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of 1 Samuel.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood covenant community. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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